[Huate Mineral Processing Encyclopedia] Kuzivisa zvakavanzika zveKaolin: shanduko yakanaka kubva muvhu kuenda kuzvinhu zvetekinoroji yepamusoro

[Huate Mineral Processing Encyclopedia] Kuzivisa zvakavanzika zveKaolin: shanduko yakanaka kubva muvhu kuenda kuzvinhu zvetekinoroji yepamusoro

Kaolin chicherwa chisiri chesimbi, rudzi rwevhu nedombo revhu rinoumbwa zvakanyanya neZvicherwa zvevhu zveKaolinite. Nekuti ivhu jena uye rakapfava, rinonziwo ivhu reDolomitic. Rakatumidzwa zita rekuti Gaoling Village, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province. Kaolin yayo yakachena yakachena, yakapfava, yakapfava uye ine ivhu, uye ine hunhu hwakanaka hwemuviri nemakemikari senge plasticity uye kudzivirira moto. Musanganiswa wayo wezvicherwa unonyanya kuumbwa neKaolinite, Halloysite, Hydromica, Illite, Montmorillonite, Quartz, Feldspar nezvimwe zvicherwa.

Kaolin ivhu rakajairika uye rinokosha zvikuru. Rinoumbwa nekukanganiswa kwefeldspar kana zvimwe zvicherwa zve silicate mumatombo eigneous uye metamorphic mu acidic media isina alkali metals uye alkaline earth metals.

01 Kupatsanura

Kupatsanura ivhu

Zvicherwa zviri muKaolin zvakasikwa zvakakamurwa kuita zvicherwa zvevhu nezvisiri zvevhu. Pakati pazvo, zvicherwa zvevhu zvinonyanya kusanganisira zvicherwa zveKaolinite uye zvishoma zveMontmorillonite, mica neChlorite; zvicherwa zvisiri zvevhu zvinonyanya kusanganisira feldspar, quartz nezvicherwa zvakanyungudutswa, pamwe nezvimwe zvicherwa zvesimbi zvakaita sehematite neRhosite, Iron ore, Limonite, nezvimwewo, titanium zvicherwa zvakaita seRutile, nezvimwewo uye organic matter senge plant fiber, nezvimwewo. Zvicherwa zvevhu zvinonyanya kusarudza hunhu hweKaolin.

Kupatsanura zvikonzero

Zvichibva pamavambo emadhaka eKaolin uye zvichibva pamusiyano uripo muMamineralization Geology, mamiriro enzvimbo, chiyero chedhaka, chimiro chemuviri weore uye hunhu hwezviitiko, zvikamu zveore zvinoratidzwa mumaitiro akasiyana eMinerization, "Kaolin Mine Geological Exploration Code" ichaitwa. Madhaka eKaolin ekuChina akakamurwa kuita mhando nhatu uye mhando nhanhatu.

Rudzi rwemamiriro ekunze:Inopatsanurwazve muzvikamu zviviri: weathering residual subtype uye weathering leaching subtype.

Rudzi rwekuchinja kwemvura inopisa:Yakakamurwazve kuva mhando yekuchinja kwemvura inopisa uye mhando yekuchinja kwemvura inopisa yemazuva ano.

Rudzi rwemvura inoyerera:Yakakamurwa kuva mhando dze sedimentary ne sedimentary-weathering uye mhando yeKaolinite claystone muzvikamu zvine marasha.

Rudzi rweMaindasitiri

Zvichibva pamavambo emadhaka eKaolin, "Kaolin Mine Geological Exploration Specifications" inokamura dhaka reKaolin reChina kuita mhando nhatu nemarudzi matanhatu zvichienderana nekusiyana kweMadhaka eMineralization, mamiriro enzvimbo, chiyero chedhaka, chimiro chemuviri weore uye hunhu hwezviitiko, uye zvikamu zveore zvinoratidzwa nemaitiro akasiyana eMadhaka. Zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwavo, plasticity, uye huwandu hwejecha, zvakakamurwa kuita mhando nhatu:

ZvakaomaKaolin: yakaoma uye isiri yepurasitiki, inova yepurasitiki mushure mekupwanywa nekukuyiwa.

NyoroKaolin:yakapfava, yakapetwa nepurasitiki yakawanda, ine jecha shoma <50%.

JechaKaolin:magadzirirwo akapfava, purasitiki isina simba, chikamu chejecha chine huremu hwejecha> 50%.

02 Kwakatangira

Zviwanikwa zveKaolin muChina zviri pakati pezvakanakisa pasi rose, zvine zvicherwa zvakawanikwa 267 uye zvakawanikwa 2.91 bhiriyoni. Pakati pazvo: Zviwanikwa zveKaolin munyika yangu zvisiri zvekuvaka marasha zviri panhamba yechishanu pasi rose. Zviwanikwa zvakawanikwa 1.468 bhiriyoni matani, zvakanyanya kuunganidzwa mumatunhu eGuangdong, Shaanxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan neJiangsu, zvichiita 84.55% yezvese zvenyika; Zviwanikwa zveKaolin (Kaolinite) zvekuvaka zvine marasha zviri panhamba yekutanga pasi rose, zvine zviwanikwa 1.442 bhiriyoni matani, zvakanyanya kugoverwa muDatong, Huairen, Shuozhou, Shanxi, Jungar, Wuda, Inner Mongolia, Huaibei, Anhui, Hancheng, Shaanxi, nezvimwewo, pakati pazvo nzvimbo yeJungar coalfield muInner Mongolia ine zviwanikwa zvakawanda.

Kune nzvimbo shanu huru dzeKaolin muChina:

(1) Guta reJiepai, Hengyang County, Hunan Province rine zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvezvicherwa. Nzvimbo dzakachengetwa dzeKaolin, Nepheline, Feldspar neQuartz dzinosvika matani mamiriyoni mazana maviri, uye kune makambani ekuchera nekugadzira zvicherwa angangosvika makumi mana. Nzvimbo yekuchera yeDapailing (kunyanya migodhi yeKaolin) ine mugodhi mumwe chete une matani mamiriyoni makumi masere, uyo uri pekutanga muAsia. Mugodhi wegore negore weguta unodarika matani zviuru mazana mashanu, zvichipa mazana emafekitori eceramic munyika yese.

(2) Kaolin munharaunda yeMaoming. Chicherwa cheKaolin chiri muMaoming Basin idombo rakachekwa nematombo eruvial sub-type. Quartz yayo nedzimwe jecha dzinopfuura 50%, saka inonzi sandy Kaolin mineral. Panyaya yekwakabva, Maoming Kaolin yakapfuura nepakati pezvikamu zvitatu zvemasara emvura - kutakurwa nekuzvikuya - uyezve kunyura. Kaolin yakachekwa zvachose, uye mawafers acho anonyanya kuve monolithic ane saizi yezvidimbu zvidiki. Anonyanya kushandiswa sezvinhu zvekugadzira mapepa ekuputira.

(3) Longyan Kaolin inzvimbo yakasara yeKaolin yakaparadzwa. Sezvo huwandu hwesimbi huri pasi pe0.3%, titanium iri pasi pe0.02%, uye ine huwandu hwakati hwechinhu chinonyungudutsa chekupisa kushoma (Li2O), chinhu chakakodzera kushandiswa kweporcelain yemagetsi, kushandiswa kwemazuva ese kwepamusoro-soro, uye porcelain yehunyanzvi.

(4) Suzhou Yangshan Kaolin, iyi dhayidhi inochinja hydrothermal Kaolin.Kuumbwa kwemakemikari muSuzhou Yangshan dope rine magadzirirwo akachena kwakafanana zvikuru nekugadzirwa kweKaolinite. Huremu hweAl2O3 hunogona kusvika pa39.0%, huine ruvara ruchena uye zvidimbu zvidiki. Hunonyanya kushandiswa mukutakura zvinhu zvinokonzeresa uye zvinhu zvemakemikari.

(5) Hepu Kaolin. Inzvimbo yeKaolin yakasara yakakuvara. Inonyanya kushandiswa sezvinhu zvekuvaka zviumbwa zvedongo.

(6) Kaolin yemhando yemarasha ekuchamhembe. IKaolinite inomera sedimentary, inonyanya kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzinogadzira marasha munyika yangu, uye inogona kushandiswa mukuvaka, kupeta, pendi uye kugadzira mapepa - ivhu rakagadzirwa nemarasha.

Nzvimbo nhanhatu huru dzekugadzira dzataurwa pamusoro apa dzinoita zvinopfuura 80% yezvinoburitswa neChina, uye ndidzowo dzinomiririra zvikuru maererano nemarudzi ezviwanikwa.

03Use

Kaolin ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana, kunyanya nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kwepurasitiki, kunamira, simba rayo rakaoma, hunhu hwayo hwekupisa uye kuchena kwayo mushure mekupiswa, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chikuru chekugadzira zveceramic; ichena, yakapfava, inopararira zvakanyanya, inonyungudika. Hunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwekuita senge hunhu hwemakemikari uye kusarongeka kwemakemikari kunoita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemapepa. Pamusoro pezvo, Kaolin inoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvemaindasitiri zvakaita serabha, mapurasitiki, zvinodzivirira, uye kuchenesa peturu, pamwe chete nehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano mukurima nekudzivirira nyika. Inonyanya kushandiswa muindasitiri yeceramic, zvinodzivirira, zvinhu zvinodzivirira, kugadzira mapepa, pendi, rabha, porcelain yepamusoro, waya netambo, mapurasitiki emaindasitiri, zvinozadza makemikari muindasitiri, inki, chikafu, zvizoro, mishonga, nezvimwewo, zvichitsiva lithopone nechikamu chetitanium mupendi nezvinovhara. Upfu huchena nezvimwe zvinhu zvinodhura.

04 Tekinoroji Yekugadzirisa

Kuti tiparadzanise zvicherwa zvisiri zvevhu nezvinhu zvakasikwa zvakaita se quartz, feldspar, mica, iron minerals, titanium minerals, nezvimwewo muKaolin uye tigadzire zvigadzirwa zveKaolin zvinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvemaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, pamusoro pekushandisa gravity separation, flotation, magnetic separation, nezvimwewo kuchenesa nekubvisa tsvina kubva kuKaolin, dzimwe nguva zvinodikanwawo kushandisa nzira dzakadzama dzekugadzirisa dzakadai se chemical bleaching, ultrafine flaking, calcination, uye surface modification kurapa Kaolin.

(1) Kupatsanurwa kweHydraulic

Kupatsanurwa kwemvura kunosanganisira kupatsanurwa kwemhepo inotenderera (kupatsanurwa kwejecha rakakora re +1mm), kupatsanurwa kwetangi remvura inoyerera (kupatsanurwa kwejecha rakatsetseka re +0.053mm), kupatsanurwa kwehydrocyclone (kupatsanurwa kwejecha rakatsetseka re -0.053mm), kupatsanurwa kwecentrifugal kana kupatsanurwa kwehydrocyclone diki (yekupatsanurwa kwezvidimbu zvakatsetseka zve 0.002-0.010mm).

(2) Kupatsanurwa kwemagineti kwakakwira

Simba remagetsi rinodarika 1 600 kA/m rinogadzirwa nekushandisa magnetic concentrator media kubvisa Fe2O3 neTiO2 kubva kuKaolin uye kugadzira mapepa ekuputira nezvinhu zveceramic zvepamusoro.

(3) Kusanganiswa kwemvura inoyerera

Nekuwedzera maflocculant, tsvina dzakadai se quartz, pyrite, alunite, nezvimwewo zvinoparadzaniswa nenzira yakasarudzwa kuti zvigadzire Kaolin yakaputirwa nebanga. Maflocculant anoshandiswa kazhinji anosanganisira sodium hexametaphosphate, ammonium polyacrylamide, water glass, nezvimwewo.

(4) Kuchenesa ganda nemakemikari

Zvinhu zvinobvisa tsvina zvakaita sehupfu hweinishuwarenzi zvinowedzerwa kuderedza iron ine simba guru mulimonite nehematite muKaolin kuita soluble ferrous iron, kana kuti oxidants dzinowedzerwa kuti oxidize pyrite uye dyeing tsvina kuti Kaolin ive yakachena.

(5) Kubvisa mavanga

Mumuchina wekukwesha, mabhora epakati anokurunga anoshandiswa kugadzira mhedzisiro yekukuya, kuitira kuti zvidimbu zveKaolin aggregate zviparadzaniswe kuita makristaro matete, zvichigadzira Kaolin yakaputirwa nebanga ine saizi yezvikamu zvisingasviki 2μm uye huwandu hunopfuura 90%.

(6) Kunyungudutsa kwemafuta (calcination)

Kana ikapiswa pa 800-1000℃, Kaolin inorasikirwa nemvura, kuchinja kwechikamu kunoitika, uye dzimwe tsvina dzinoshanduka, izvo zvinovandudza kuchena uye kudzivirira kweKaolin uye zvinoshandiswa kugadzira tambo nerabha nepurasitiki. Kugadziriswa kwecalcium inzira inodiwa yekugadzirisa Kaolin ine marasha (yakaoma).

(7) Kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo

Ivhu reKaolin rakaputirwa nechinhu chinosanganisa zvinhu, nezvimwewo, kuti riwedzere huwandu hwevhu reKaolin rinowedzerwa murabha repurasitiki, uye rinoshandiswa kurapa Kaolin clay fillers yepurasitiki yerabha.

Pakati pazvo, kupatsanurana kwemagineti inzira yekuparadzanisa zvicherwa inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumunda wekugadzirisa zvicherwa. Musimboti wayo mukuru ndewekushandisa kusiyana kwemagineti kwezvicherwa pachazvo kuti zviparadzaniswe. Zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hwemagineti hwezvicherwa, kupatsanurana kwemagineti kunogona kukamurwa kuita kupatsanurana kwakasimba kwemagineti, kupatsanurana kusina simba kwemagineti, kupatsanurana kwemagineti kwereverse uye kupatsanurana kwemagineti kweregradient kuti zvigutse zvinodiwa nezvicherwa zvakasiyana. Midziyo yekugadzirisa migodhi inosanganisira magineti eplate, magineti evertical ring high gradient, magineti eelectromagnetic slurry high gradient, magineti esuperconducting magnetic separators ane temperature yakaderera, nezvimwewo.

05 Nyaya dzekushandisa mineral processing

Maitiro 1: Tichitora ivhu reKaolin rekune imwe nyika semuenzaniso, tsvina huru iri mumuenzaniso uyu inosanganisira iron oxide, titanium oxide, uye iron silicate. Mumarara asina kuchena, kuchena kuri muFe2O3 neTiO2 kuri 0.89% uye 0.17% zvichiteerana, ukuwo kuchena kuchisvika 67.29%.

Kuti tibvise tsvina iyi zvinobudirira, takaona chirongwa chinotevera chekuyedza: Chekutanga, pfuura nepakati pesimbi isina kuchena nemagetsi anoparadzanisa slurry magnetic kuti uwane nzira mbiri dzekuparadzanisa magnetic, kupatsanurana kwakashata uye kusarudza zvakanaka, kuti ubvise tsvina yakawanda pakutanga. Zvadaro, simbi inowanikwa inocheneswa zvakare kuburikidza ne superconducting magnetic separator kuti iwedzere kuderedza kusvibiswa uye kuvandudza kunaka kweKaolin.

Chati yekuyerera kwebvunzo

Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mumhedzisiro yebvunzo kuti mhangura isina kucheneswa inogona kupatsanurwa ne electromagnetic slurry + electromagnetic slurry + superconducting magnetic separation kuti pave neKaolin concentrate product ine Fe2O3 0.35% uye kuchena kwe87.52%.

Maitiro echipiri:Matombo asina kugadzirwa anoparadzaniswa ne superconducting 5T magnetic separation. Maitiro ekuyedza anoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2, uye mhedzisiro yekuyedza inoratidzwa muTafura 2.

Mufananidzo 2 Kuyerera kwekuyedza kwekubatsira

Mhangura isina kugadzirwa yakaparadzaniswa ne superconducting 5T magnetic separation kuti iwane Kaolin concentrate product ine Fe2O3 0.40%, Al2O3 22.92%, SiO2 68.78%, TiO2 0.10%, CaO 1.90%, kuchena kwe86.97%, uye goho re90.90%.

Sezvinhu zvemaindasitiri zvinoshanda zvakawanda, Kaolin ine mikana yakawanda yekushandisa. Nekufambira mberi kwesainzi netekinoroji uye kukura kwakasimba kweindasitiri, Kaolin ichaita basa rakakosha muminda yakawanda. Mune ramangwana, tinotarisira kuwedzera huwandu hwekushandiswa kweKaolin kuburikidza nekutsvagisa kwakadzama uye hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji, kuwana kushandiswa kwakanaka uye kwakasimba, uye kupa mipiro yakakura mukusimudzira nzanga yevanhu. Panguva imwe chete, tinofanirawo kutarisa matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza anogona kumuka panguva yekuchera nekugadzira Kaolin, uye kutora matanho anoshanda ekuona kuti kukura kwakaringana kwezviwanikwa zveKaolin kwakabatana nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.